Annotation: The prefrontal cortex reaches its greatest development in the human  brain, making up nearly one third of the neocortex. Due to its remarkable  evolution, the prefrontal cortex plays an important role in higher integrative  functions such as information processing, thinking, analysis, language,  understanding, attention, working memory, emotions, motivation and behaviour. This book brings together theoretical and technical research advances on the  prefrontal cortex of authors from different scientific and national schools. The  accents of the published studies are in the direction of: analysis of the neuronal  architecture of the prefrontal cortex and its anatomy, presenting it as a  morphological substrate for many psychological conditions; description of  normal and altered connectivity of the prefrontal cortex and its manifestation in  different behaviour; identification of organizational levels within the prefrontal  cortex through different neuroimaging methods. Some of the materials provide  an interdisciplinary view of the prefrontal cortex and its problems and reveal the  main role of this part of the brain in the psychosocial, economic and cultural  adaptation of man.

The Dynamic Maturation Process of the Brain Structures, Visual System  and Their Connections to the Structures of the Prefrontal Cortex during 4 – 6 Years of Age

by Neli Vasileva 

Abstract: The chapter summarizes an author’s research in the field of child  neuropsychology, devoted to the dynamics of non-verbal visual gnosis in 365

children aged 4–6 with typical development. Data from a study of perceptual  operations in difficult conditions (a sample to identify incomplete images), the  deficits in which they are considered as a predictor of dyslexia, are analysed. Against the backdrop of a predominantly analytical (left hemisphere) strategy in  the processing of visual incentives, a progressive improvement in the holistic  (right hemisphere) strategy was also noted, especially in children aged 6. The  positive dynamics of identifying visual stimuli in difficult conditions by  integrating distinct signs in the 4–6-year period is explained both by the activation  of the holistic processing strategy and by the increasing participation of the  prefrontal cortex in the functioning of the complex forms of non-verbal visual  gnosis.